Son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, he was only 12 years old when he took the throne. The regency is therefore ensured by his mother. She kept power for quite a long time, until 1242. A very pious king, Louis continued the work of legislation and administration of his elders. He is surrounded by popular images, he was very close to the poor in his kingdom. He led two Crusades, one (the seventh crusade), in Egypt the second (the eighth, and last crusade) in front of Tunis during which he died. He hoped to convert the Sultan of Tunis to Christianity and pit him against the Sultan of Egypt. Tradition has it that he died of the plague, but this disease did not reappear in the West until around 1347. Louis IX was canonized in 1297 under the name Saint Louis of France.
Louis VIII the Lion Philip III the Bold
See the article dedicated to the character