Ancient history

Muhammad Iqbal made the first map of divided India

Mohammad Iqbal is also known as Allama Iqbal. He was born on 9 November 1877 in Sialkot district of Punjab (now Pakistan). Iqbal's ancestors were Brahmins who believed in Kashmiri Shaivism. This family lived in a village called Spran, located on the road leading from Shopian to Kulgam, so they were called 'Sapru' was called.

Iqbal's father's name was Birbal, grandfather's name was Kanhaiyalal and father's name was Ratanlal Sapru. Despite being a Shaiva-Brahmin, Ratanlal was an uneducated tailor. He had no prestige in the village, so Ratanlal left the spray and went to Srinagar. There he took a job with the Afghan Subedar of Kashmir.

He used to collect taxes for his Subedar. Once he made a huge misappropriation of the tax amount. The Afghan Subedar captured him and put before him two options, either to become a Muslim or to be ready for crucifixion. Ratanlal became a Muslim.

He changed his name to 'Sheikh Noor Mohammad' and fled from Kashmir and went to Sialkot. There he 'Imam Bibi' He married a Muslim girl named. Iqbal was born from this couple. Imam Bibi was a humble and cooperative woman. He sent his son Iqbal to Britain to study.

Iqbal studied in England for some time and then went to Germany from Britain. Iqbal also studied for some time in Germany. Iqbal returned to India and married three times. His first marriage was with Karim Bibi who was the daughter of a Gujarati physician Khan Bahadur Ata Mohammad Khan. From this Iqbal got daughter Miraj Begum and son Aftab Iqbal.

After this, Iqbal did a second marriage with Sardar Begum, from which Iqbal was blessed with a son, Javid Iqbal. In December 1914, Iqbal married for the third time with Mukhtar Begum. Iqbal started opposing the rule of Hindu king in Kashmir. He instigated the Muslims of Kashmir against Maharaja Harisingh. Since Kashmiri Pandits were supporters of Maharaja Harisingh, Iqbal also became enemy of Kashmiri Pandits and started spewing poison against them.

Mohammad Iqbal was a man of fanatical religious views. He believed that Islam is the embodiment of the spirit of the struggle for spiritual freedom and the essence of all kinds of religious experiences. It is a living principle of action, which makes life purposeful. Islam is the only religion, which can create true values ​​of life and make man victorious over nature through relentless struggle.

Iqbal sang a song- 'Lab pe aati hai dua banke tamanna meri' Also wrote which became the Qaumi Tarana of the Muslims. 'Saare Jahan Se Achcha Hindustan Hamara' She earned great popularity by writing a song called. Some people believed that it was a double meaning song in which 'Majhab nahi shikhata aapse me bair karna' This meant that the Muslims should not enmity with each other. 'We are bubbles' The esoteric meaning of this was that when the time came, the bubbles would spit out and fly away. He entered politics after getting fame from his songs.

Iqbal's poems and writings instilled a feeling among the Muslims of India that their role in India was different from that of the Hindus. In 1922, it was made Gydapahij Thambiswat by Emperor George V. Iqbal was the first to put the idea of ​​​​creating a new Muslim state by joining Kashmir within the provinces of Sindh and Punjab etc. of India in AD 1930.

Impressed by Iqbal's ideas, the British government gave him 'Sir' Awarded the title His poems are famous in Iran as Iqbal Lahori. In 1930, the annual conference of the Muslim League was held in Allahabad.

In the presidential address of the conference, Dr. Iqbal called for a 'Separate Muslim Nation' in India on the basis of separate political identity of Muslims. Or advocated the establishment of a federation. Iqbal said- 'I want to see Punjab, Kashmir, North-Western Provinces, Sindh and Balochistan being integrated into a separate nation. Self-government under the British Empire or a unified North-West Indian Muslim nation separate from the British Empire- seems to me to be the ultimate destiny of the Muslims, especially the Muslims of North-West India.'

This was the first map of divided India. Till that time the word Pakistan had not been invented. That's why it is called 'Muslim-India' where did it go. Bengal was not included in this concept. Muhammad Iqbal participated in the Round Table Conferences held in London. Iqbal died on 21 April 1938 in Lahore. He was declared the national poet of Pakistan.

Now in Pakistan he is known less as a poet, more as a Pir. A street is named after Iqbal in German. His grave in Pakistan is crowded every day like the tombs of Sufi saints in India.