According to the proposals of the Cabinet Mission, Lord Wavell got the Interim Government formed in Delhi on 2 September 1946. Only Congress leaders participated in it. Jawaharlal Nehru was made the Prime Minister in this government. Also Sardar Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, M. Asaf Ali, C. Rajagopalachari, Sarat Chandra Bose, Dr. John Mathai, Sardar Baldev Singh, Sir Shafaat Ahmed Khan, Jagjivan Ram, Syed Ali Zaheer and Kovesji Hormusji Bhabha were made ministers.
Five posts were substituted which were for the Muslim League. The Congress had made three non-Muslim League Muslims ministers, which was not tolerated under any circumstances for the Muslim League.
Jinnah declared- 'The Viceroy has inflicted a tremendous blow on the Muslim League and the Muslims but I am sure that the Muslims of India will bear this blow with perseverance and courage. They will learn a lesson from failing to secure a just and dignified participation for themselves in this interim government.
... It can have dangerous and serious consequences. From above they have further hurt our hurt mind by naming three Muslims. Whereas they know that they do not have the respect and trust of Muslim-India.'
On 1 September 1946, on the eve of the Congress taking oath of the interim government, Bombay was shaken by the communal riots. Black flags started waving at the homes of Muslims on Sandhurst Road. Curfew was imposed, the army was called in, but 35 people were killed and 175 people were injured in a night-long ritual of violence. Sporadic riots continued in Bombay for a week. By 10 September, 200 civilians had lost their lives. Violence erupted in Karachi as well, but the appeal for peace and tolerance broadcast by the League's chief minister, Sheikh Ghulam Hussain, helped the city's Muslims to contain their emotions.
The British Chief Secretary of Sindh said- 'Due to the horrific events of Calcutta, one side is sitting with wretched displeasure and the other is a victim of stupid panic.'
According to the report of the Chief Secretary, both the communities are engaged in intelligence gathering. On 2 September 1946, Jawaharlal formed the Interim Government and in a message broadcast to the people of the country on 7 September, Nehru said- 'A new government has been formed on this ancient earth. We call it interim or provisional government. This ancient and beloved land of ours is once again getting its identity out of troubles and sorrows. Once again attaining puberty, there was a gleam of courage in his eyes. Once again he has faith in himself and has seen his destination.'
A few days after the government was sworn in, Sir Shafat Ahmed Khan, a non-Muslim minister in the interim government, was stabbed seven times by Muslim League fanatics in Shimla. After repeated attempts by Wavell and the removal of non-Muslim League Muslim ministers from his cabinet by Nehru and Sarat Chandra Bose, brother of Subhas Chandra Bose, the Muslim League also agreed to join the Interim Government so that Congress government can be troubled.
Liaquat Ali, I. I. Chundarigar, Abdul Rab Nishtar and Jogendranath Mandal were made ministers from the Muslim League. Jinnah made Jogendranath a minister on behalf of the Muslim League, probably so that the Congress would not claim that it leads the entire Hindus of the country.
On 2 November, the members of the Muslim League went to the Viceroy's building to make an offer to join the Interim Government. Nehru also went there. His motor vehicle was parked outside the building and it is said that a Muslim mob set the motor vehicle on fire.
On this day, Muslim leaders like Liaquat Ali, who came to participate in the Central Legislative Assembly, tried to surround Jawaharlal's car and if some Hindu youth had not attacked that Muslim mob to save Nehru at that time, then It is difficult to say what happened to Nehru. The same evening in Sadar Bajad, Delhi, Muslim League activists started killing Hindus by separating them from Muslims by stopping vehicles. Hindus also came out against him. This led to a scuffle for several hours.