Kresta-class ships equipping the Soviet Navy are classified into two types differentiated by relatively similar appearance but differing in equipment. This class includes two missile cruiser development projects by the Soviet Navy, Project 1134 and Project 1134A; the NATO codes being class Kresta I and Kresta II.
Description and characteristics
The modifications made to the cruisers are mainly the armament:the Silex SSN-14 anti-submarine system was used on the 1134A project (Kresta II), replacing the four SSN-3 anti-ship missiles used on the Kresta I.
A helicopter hangar, designed to house a Ka-27PL is located on the stern. A new propulsion was installed including two gas turbines of 45,000 hp.
On the other hand, it was not possible to install the Polinom sonar with a range of 50 km.
Changes in hull dimensions provided these cruisers with 38% more space, allowing the Kresta II to carry more AA Shtorm and Osa-M defense missiles than the Kresta I a total of 72 SAN-3 missiles. vertical takeoff. The Kresta II is equipped with the 76 millimeter guns, which replaced the 57 millimeter guns found on the Kresta I.
They were assigned to the Baltic Fleets, two in number, the Arctic (Northern Fleet) with 5 units, the Pacific for the last three. They were put
Project 1134/Berkut
The buildings of Project 1134 Berkout were developed in the first half of the 1960s, following the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU of December 30, 1961, which called for the construction of anti-submarine ships (ASM) equipped with anti-ship missiles. inspired by the Kashin class (project 61) and the Kynda class. The Kresta I class missile cruisers (Project 1134) consisted of four buildings originally intended for anti-ship successor Kynda. The Kresta had to be able to operate remotely but also to protect squadrons and convoys against submarines and aircraft. The development was carried out by the PKB Severniy design office under the responsibility of Vasiliy Fedorovitch Anikiev.
Description and characteristics
Although considerably larger, more efficient and reliable than the previous Kynda class of cruisers, the Kresta I missile cruisers are armed with the SSN-3 anti-ship missiles already present on the Kynda, 44 SAN-1 anti-aircraft missiles and of 10 x 533 mm torpedo tubes for anti-submarine warfare (ASM).
They were reclassified very early as ASM cruisers, while retaining their planned anti-ship missiles. They were more apt to survive than the Kynda thanks to their very substantial self-defense secondary armament. The planned missiles, of the SSN-12 type were still at the development stage in 1964, so it was the old SSN-3 which replaced them in series. Anti-surface armament was reduced in favor of anti-aircraft missiles to two M-11 (Volna/SA-N-1) missile batteries.
Moreover, the Kresta I were the first Soviet ships to have a helicopter hangar for a Ka-25 "Hormone". The Ka-25 hormone is used to steer the cruise missile, and mid-course corrections.
Its hull and propulsion were similar to those of the Kynda (Project 58).
The ships served in the Black Sea Fleet until 1990, the four were removed from service between 1990 and 1996, the Drozd and the Sevastopel in 1990 and the Vladivostock in 1991. Admiral Zozoulia, the oldest, remained in active service until 1996, but his general condition was so poor that he never went to sea again.
Kresta I class
Project 1134
Technical features
Type missile cruiser
Length 156.2 m
Maître-bau 16.8 m
Draft 6.3 m
Displacement 5,375 tonnes
Deadweight 7,160 tonnes (full load)
Propulsion 4 KVN-98/64 25,000 hp steam boilers, driving 2 propellers
Power 100,000 hp
Speed 32 knots
Military features
Aircraft 1 Ka-25PL
Range of action 5,000 nautical miles at 14 knots
Crew 30 officers, 282 non-commissioned officers and sailors
Manufacturers Baltic shipyards, north of Leningrad
Politburo sponsor of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Command start date 1961
Construction period 1964 - 1967
Period of service 1967 - 1992
Ships built 4
Planned ships 4
Laid up ships 4
Demolished ships 4
Kresta II class
Project 1134A/BerkutA
This project was modified to allow these ships to serve as escort to the Moskva class helicopter carriers:Moskva and Leningrad. This new model project 1134A or Kresta II undergoes several modifications to meet the pressing conditions of ASM combat.
Description and characteristics
The modifications made to the cruisers are mainly the armament:the Silex SSN-14 anti-submarine system was used on the 1134A project (Kresta II), replacing the four SSN-3 anti-ship missiles used on the Kresta I.
A helicopter hangar, designed to house a Ka-27PL is located on the stern. A new propulsion was installed including two gas turbines of 45,000 hp.
On the other hand, it was not possible to install the Polinom sonar with a range of 50 km.
Changes in hull dimensions provided these cruisers with 38% more space, allowing the Kresta II to carry more AA Shtorm and Osa-M defense missiles than the Kresta I a total of 72 SAN-3 missiles. vertical takeoff. The Kresta II is equipped with the 76 millimeter guns, which replaced the 57 millimeter guns found on the Kresta I.
Technical features
Type missile cruiser
Length 158.9 m
Maître-bau 16.81 m
Draft 6.06 m
Displacement 5,735 tonnes
Deadweight 7,670 tonnes (full load)
Propulsion 2 TV-12 45,000 hp gas turbines driving 2 propellers
Power 90,000 hp
Speed 32.1 knots
Military features
Aircraft 1 Ka-25PL
Range of action 4,700 nautical miles at 18 knots
Crew 42 officers, 343 non-commissioned officers and ratings
Builders Baltic shipyards, north of Leningrad
Sponsor Politburo
Construction period 1966 - 1977
Period of service 1968 - 1994
Ships built 10
Planned ships 10
Laid up ships 10
Demolished ships 10