Democracy in Brazil is still considered a political regime that does not affect the entire country.
Its installation was interrupted during several moments in the history of independent Brazil, such as the Estado Novo (1937-1945) and the Military Dictatorship (1964-1984).
Summary of Democracy in Brazil
First Republic
In the period called "First Republic" or "Old Republic" we cannot say that there really was democracy in the country.
The right to vote was restricted to men and voters only voted for candidates nominated by the colonels of each region, the so-called "halter vote".
Vargas era
When Getúlio Vargas takes power, through the Revolution of 30, Brazilian democracy suffers a new blow, as elections and political parties are suspended.
Due to popular pressure, in 1934 Vargas is forced to promulgate a Constitution, which would have a short life:only three years. The Estado Novo begins where democratic guarantees are suspended.
Democracy would only return in 1945 with the deposition of Vargas and the election of General Gaspar Dutra.
Democratic Interval
We can mention the New Republic, established in 1946, as the return of democracy in Brazil, which would last until 1964.
Once again, Brazilian democracy is interrupted by a military coup and a dictatorship that would last twenty years.
The return of democracy in Brazil
After 20 years of Military Dictatorship in Brazil, the country was going through an economic, social and political crisis. In order to end this period, it was necessary to create a new Constitution for Brazil that would guarantee freedom of rights and social equality.
In this way, the country's democratization process began in 1984, with the “Diretas Já” movement, which demanded direct elections to elect the country's president.
However, the law was not approved and the first president, after the military dictatorship, was indirectly chosen by the Electoral College.
Even so, during President Sarney's term, the Constituent Assembly was convened that drafted the 1988 Constitution.>
It was then in 1989 that the country could elect the president through direct elections, when Fernando Collor de Mello was elected.
He was impeached in 1992, as Collor was involved in several corruption and financial fraud cases. Removed from office, Itamar Franco, his deputy, assumes the presidency of the country.
See also:Impeachment of Collor In 1995, Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC) bet on the process of social democracy through a neoliberal policy. FHC manages to finish his term.
As of 2003, the Workers' Party takes power with the election of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who ruled until 2011. Then, Dilma Rousseff, who belonged to the same party and who ruled the country until the first half of 2011, was elected. 2016.
This year, some parties dissatisfied with the administration of the president, orchestrate to remove her from power. They manage to accuse her of administrative impropriety and open the impeachment process, which would culminate in Rousseff's removal.
Therefore, it is worth noting that democracy in Brazil is constantly interrupted. Also social problems such as social inequality and political problems such as corruption have not yet been resolved.
In such a way, we can say that Brazil's democracy is still under construction.
See also:Democracy Learn more about the topic :
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