1866 Second Choshu Subjugation Choshu Clan The Shogunate army, which had been defeated in the wake of the battle, soon after, 14th Shogun Iemochi . Is sick in the battlefield. The shogunate side who realized the defeat decides a ceasefire with the Choshu clan.
The defeat in this battle caused him to lose his authority.
15th Shogun Yoshinobu Tokugawa
In December of the same year, Yoshinobu Tokugawa as the 15th Shogun. French aid * Under these circumstances, we will promote reforms in terms of both politics and military affairs and rebuild the shogunate. However, around the same time, Emperor Komei Suddenly dies. There seems to be an assassination theory, but Kobu Gattai The death of Emperor Komei was Iwakura Tomomi The power of these radical lords was strengthened again, and it became an opportunity to promote cooperation with the Satsumacho clan.
* I mentioned in this article that Sat-Chō was supported by the United Kingdom.
Also 1867 Hyogo Port Opening Problem Meguri, the four lords of the Yuhan lords failed, and Yoshinobu demonstrated his political skills, which once again showed the presence of the shogunate.
In the wake of this incident, the Satsuma Domain, who gave up taking the initiative by the public council and decided to steer to the debate, will secretly conclude a troop dispatch agreement with Choshu.
This is the Sat-Chō Alliance that you all know. is.
The road to the Taisei Hokan that successfully evaded the debate
Taisei Hokan from the rise of the debate movement The road to this is not only the simple confrontational structure of Sat-Chō's defeated Sat-Chō sect, but also Kogi Seitai Ron . There was the existence of the Tosa clan that made a leap under the sword.
In a tense situation, Goto Shojiro was aiming to take the initiative of the political affairs from another angle. It was the Tosa domain centered on. Political change on August 18 After that, feudal lord, Toyonobu Yamauchi Goto, who succeeded in repressing the Tosakino Party, a radical group of the revered sect, and returning the clan theory to the Kobu Gattai, took a clear insight into Ryoma Sakamoto . I hit it off.
As mentioned in the previous article, [ Senchū Hassaku ], Incorporating the idea of the introduction of the parliamentary system in Europe and advocating the theory of parliamentary politics, and advising the feudal lord, Toyonobu, on the dedication of the Taisei Hokan.
That Taisei Hokan Is returning the political power entrusted to us by the imperial court to the imperial court It is called. However, neither the Tosa domain nor Yoshinobu himself has the power to carry out politics in the imperial court even if the Taisei Hokan is repatriated, and the real power returns to Tokugawa . It seems that he was stepping on.
The idea of the Tosa clan, who recommended the repatriation of the Taisei Hokan, is to end the armed debate led by Sat-Chō by letting the shogun return the government, and at the same time, by placing Yoshinobu as the chairman of the new government's parliament. It seems that he was thinking of standing at the center of power balance.
The Tosa domain was planning to repatriate the Taisei Hokan, and at the same time, had an agreement with the Satsuma domain. The Tosa domain seemed to want to involve the Satsuma domain in the Kogi Seitai faction, but the Satsuma domain thought that the Taisei Hokan repatriation would be rejected by Yoshinobu, and vice versa. I thought it would be the cause of the debate.
Despite the idea of the Satsuma domain, Yoshinobu Tokugawa, who was stepping on that he could take power even after the government returned, agreed to the Tosa domain's Taisei Hokan policy . However, the above table of the Taisei Hokan was submitted to the imperial court on October 14, 1867 . it was done.
Yoshinobu's Political Concept after the Taisei Hokan Formally incorporates the separation of powers and provisionally doubles as jurisdiction The public office is administrative authority Is composed of daimyo and clan lords of each clan Parliamentary House Is legislative It seems that a modern political system based on the Bakuhan system was envisioned.
The emperor is still symbolic Was to be placed in. However, although these ideas were never implemented, it seems that Yoshinobu had a concrete modern political idea that was different from the shogunate centered on the Tokugawa family.
On the other hand, the Sat-Chō clan were informed in the imperial court Iwakura Tomomi . Radical Lord I had obtained the secret imperial religion from the beginning, but I lost the opportunity to defeat it due to the unexpected Taisei Hokan plan of the Tosa domain.
The Satcho Alliance, who took the initiative of the Tosa Domain, carried out a coup d'etat in the imperial court in order to make a comeback, and since then, Battle of Toba-Fushimi Until then, a fierce tug of war between the Kogi Seitai faction and the armed defeat faction will be unfolded.