1904 , Japan and the Russian Empire Conflicts over the control of Korea and Manchuria lead to the Russo-Japanese War. Its main battlefield extended to the Korean Peninsula, southern Manchuria, and the Sea of Japan.
September 5, 1905 Japan and Russia, mediated by the United States, Portsmouth Treaty Peace will be given by concluding. This Russo-Japanese War So Japan won and the purpose of this war was completely achieved. On the other hand, the Russian Empire is going down, 1917 . Russian Revolution Will collapse at.
This Russo-Japanese War So, it was the first time in human history that Japan, a country in Asia, won the victory of the European nation, which had been dominant until then, and gave courage to those who had been suffering from the colonies. Independence movement in colonies all over the world by people who want to emulate Japan, which can be done after this war Was happening.
Causes of the Russo-Japanese War and its background
The outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War is mainly due to the conflict over the control of Korea and Manchuria.
At that time, Russia was pursuing a southward policy in search of a port that would not freeze in winter.
1896 Russia concludes a Japan alliance with China However, by obtaining the right to lay the Eastern Railway, we have established an important foothold to secure the way through Manchuria to the Russian seaport Vladivostok.
1898, Russia put pressure on the Qing dynasty to acquire a concession to Lushun Port at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula in South Manchuria. However, this was not enough, and although a railroad crossing Siberia was built, it was not large enough to transport personnel and goods to strengthen its military power in Manchuria.
On the other hand, in Japan 1894 Sino-Japanese War He won with a large amount of compensation, strengthened his military power, and maintained the number of divisions stationed in the Far East in 1904. However, although Russia agreed to withdraw troops from Manchuria in 1903, it was only partially implemented, and Japan believed that it had reversed its consent.
With that background, February 8, 1904 The main fleet of the Japanese Navy siege the Russian fleet at Lushun Port Russo-Japanese War started. On that day, the Japanese Army also landed on the Korean Peninsula and completely suppressed it.
On August 10, the same year, the Russian fleet set sail from Lushun Port, and Japan won the Battle of the Yellow Sea. Four days later, Japan gained control of the sea, and from August 28 to September 4, there was a field battle between the Japanese and Russian forces near Liaoyang, the Russian army retreated, and in October, reinforcements were provided via the Trans-Siberian Railway. In response, he fought against the Russian army trying to make a comeback in the war situation.
Both the Japanese and Russian troops suffered greater sacrifices, January 1, 1905 , The commander of the Russian army at Lushun Port handed over the port to the Japanese army at his own discretion.
In the Battle of Mukden, which was the final battle on land, Mukden fell into the hands of the Japanese army after a long battle that killed 90,000 Russian troops and 70,000 Japanese troops. Heihachiro Togo at the Battle of Tsushima on May 27 at sea The main fleet of the Japanese Navy led by Russian Baltic Fleet Defeated.
Postwar processing of the Russo-Japanese War
As a result of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan gained control of Lushun Port and part of the Liaodong Peninsula and the Eastern Railway, and acquired the southern part of Sakhalin Island as its territory. Russia returned South Manchuria to China and granted Japan control over Korea.
The Russo-Japanese War was Japan's first full-scale war.
The total number of troops who participated in the direct battle is about 1.08 million, and the number of ships is said to be 318,000. It is said that about 84,000 people died on the Japanese side in this war that Japan won. This is said to be about 6.5 times that of the Sino-Japanese War. On the other hand, the Russian side is said to have about 50,000 people.
Including illness, it is said that his casualties are more than 370,000.
In the Russo-Japanese War, Japan was able to miraculously defeat Russia, a great power with an overwhelming difference in national power, and gain control of South Korea and northeastern China. On the other hand, in Russia, the revolutionary movement spread and the country was confused.
You have defeated Russia in this war. However, it was a pretty terrible victory, and the inside of it was hidden from the people, and only the fact that it was a victory was announced. This concealment of the government and the military will have a great impact on Japan later.
The victory of this miraculous Russo-Japanese War will change the fate of Japan in the wrong direction.