Bang Khun Phrom Palace

Terrain

General condition

Bang Khun Phrom Palace has been well cared for Currently, it is the office of the Bank of Thailand's head office. Located on the east side of the Chao Phraya River (Phra Nakhon side), west to the Chao Phraya River. East to Samsen Road South to Tha Kasem Road and north to the Devawesm Palace

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Chao Phraya River

Geological conditions

Holocene sediments

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

The area around Bang Khun Phrom Palace In the reign of King Rama I, it was called "Ban Lan" because it was a village that made palm leaves for sale, with Khun Phrom (Sat), son of Phraya Ratchasongkhram (Sawas), as a monopoly on making palm leaves for sale. Fine Arts Department 2024)

Later, King Rama I ordered Khun Phrom to supervise the construction of a Mondop around the Buddha's footprint in Saraburi Province instead of his grandfather, who designed it. But Khun Phrom got sick and died without an heir. Luang Yothamat (new year), brother Khun Phrom. therefore raised the house and land of Khun Phrom as a temple Name of Wat Bang Khun Phrom That area has been called "Bang Khun Phrom" since then (Department of Fine Arts, 2021).

After Wat Bang Khun Phrom was greatly deteriorated until the reign of King Rama III, the children of Luang Yothamart. Which received the title of Phraya 3 people have jointly restored Wat Bang Khun Phrom. and then graciously Dedicated as a royal temple in 1823 B.E. King Nangklao Chao Yu Hua Therefore, he gave the name of the temple according to the vision that three brothers joined together to renovate that "Wat Sam Phrayawarawihan", the name of Wat Bang Khun Phrom has disappeared, but the villagers still call this area Bang Khun Phrom as before (The Fine Arts Department 2021)

1896 B.E. His Majesty King Chulalongkorn, Rama V had an idea to build a royal palace for his son (Somdej Krom Phra Nakhon Sawan Worapinit) who at that time went to study academically in Germany. as a stamp after returning from studying abroad therefore gave this land to Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Prince Paripat Sukhumphan Krom Phra Nakhon Sawan Worapinit (Thun Crown Prince of the palace Bang Khun Phrom) in May 1899 after the mother of Somdej Phra Pitucha Chao. Sukhumala Marasri The emperor has been in charge of various matters. While he was still studying in Europe, when he came back temporarily in 1901, it was clear that he would return to live permanently in 1903. The Bang Khun Phrom Palace was completed and There was a new royal palace ceremony on December 28, 1906 (Bank of Thailand 2021).

the construction of the palace The Department of Public Works is the designer under the supervision of Phra Sathit Nimankan. (Mom Rajawongse Chit Isarasak) who designed the construction of the government in the Department of Public Works in the first phase All of them are the responsibility of Mr Karl Sandrecski Akitek Yai and Mr Paolo. Remedy and Mr Mario Tamigno was the assistant to the engineering work, with Mr. Carlo Allegri being the big Ingenia. and Mr Emilio Giovanni Ugenyo Gallo as secondary Inginia, after Mario Tamagne is in charge of architecture and Carlo Andegri is in charge of engineering (Bank of Thailand 2021).

It is said that Bang Khun Phrom Palace during the reign of Somdej Prince Krom Phra Nakhon Sawan Worapinit stamped there It is a place that creates many things in Thai culture. Whether it's music, cooking, movie theaters and golf courses. etc. (The Fine Arts Department 2021)

In 1932, there was a change in governance. Military officers from the People's Party have summoned Somdej. Prince Krom Phra Nakhon Sawan Worapinit went to sit at the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall and later came went to live in Indonesia until his death in 1913. Bang Khun Phrom Palace Later, it was a place of work for many government agencies until in 1948 and 1959 the government considered returning Bang Khun Phrom Palace to his heirs. But for some reason, it was suspended. Dr. Puey Ungphakorn proposed to the Bank of Thailand. is the owner of the land of Bang Khun Phrom Palace And proposed to the Cabinet for approval in 1988, the Bank of Thailand renovated the palace to make it a museum. and the International Monetary Fund Bang Khun Phrom Palace has been part of the guest list. and arrange an exhibition of currency in the palace in its original form (Department of Fine Arts, 2021)

Architecture At the time when Bang Khun Phrom Palace was designed, the architecture in Europe was in the era of the Industrial Revolution. making it possible to produce new construction materials design change and construction methods Therefore, the architecture of Bang Khun Phrom Palace is a brick and plaster structure. load-bearing wall It has a solid wood roof structure. thatched with tiles The roof is in the shape of a mansard. which looks like a double roof overlapping with different roof slopes The lower roof has small windows, called dormers, protruding from the roof at equal distances apart. The Grand Palace of Bang Khun Phrom Palace is uniquely beautiful with intricate stucco decorations. It has one of the most beautiful decorative patterns in Thailand. All of these stucco designs are influenced by western styles from different periods, designed in harmony with the architectural elements. The architects used Baroque and Rococo architecture as the main influences in their designs. This can be seen from the appearance of the gable and the exterior wall of the building. The round rotunda on the south side is curved. and the northeast wall with a concave curve and continually convex For the layout is in the style of architecture. Baroque and continued to be used until the late 19th century, the elements used in the interior of the rooms are similar. By using stucco as relief lines along the door frame and light channels. The most outstanding is Wood door panel carved lines on the center of the lacquer. The light opening above the door is covered with stencils. and the ceiling is decorated with perforated wood panels and accented with patterns with gold writing. Floors in various rooms are teak floors, lined with tongue, polished (Bank of Thailand 2021)

Important places

Big Palace The palace stretches north-south. The front of the palace faces east. The design of the building is in Renaissance style. which has some influence of Baroque art.

Somdej Palace It used to be the residence of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. Mother of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Prince Paripat Sukhumphan Krom Phra Nakhon Sawan Worapinit Including being the residence of the inner faction, the female lord of the Bang Khun Phrom Palace. The style of the construction is beautiful and sweet like a German novel because the designer is Mr. Karl Doring of Germany, which was completed in 1913. The death of King Chulalongkorn, Rama V, on the day On October 23, 1910, significant changes were made to the Bang Khun Phrom Palace. because according to the royal tradition His Majesty's consort, in the royal urn, has the right to pay respects. moved out of his residence and lived with his son who had his own palace After the royal cremation ceremony had passed For Queen Sukhumalamarsri At the end of the reign of King Rama V, there were many residences. both at the inner court area in the Grand Palace at the Udon Throne Hall and the wooden bird garden palace, Suan Dusit Palace. which is the inner palace that the reign of King Rama 5 graciously built to prepare for his inner court to live when he was no longer living. At the end of King Rama V, in 1913, Queen Sukhumarnsi paid farewells to His Majesty King Mongkut of Thailand to come out and stay at the palace in Bang Khun Phrom Palace of Somdej. Prince Paripat Sukhumbhand is a permanent successor. The design of this new palace It is assumed that it started around the beginning of the year. 1911, by Her Royal Highness Prince Paripat Sukhumpankong contacted Mr. Karl Dehring (Karl Döhring) Architect at Department of Health The Ministry of Interior at that time was the designer. As for the construction, it is understood that it will begin in the middle of the year. 1912 and was completed around the middle of B.E. 1913 This new residence is located to the west of the Grand Palace. south of the palace a two-storey building High gable roof facing the river Behind the upper floor there is a bridge connecting to the main palace. The building was like a country house or a German suburb in those days. There is a layout that has been unraveled from the nine square grid layout. which is a classic plan of the west Various rooms are placed Contact each other around the bed room on the upper floor. and the central hall on the ground floor These rooms are open through one another. Therefore, there is no need for a long corridor like the Grand Palace. The layout of this new palace is therefore suitable for the royal residence of the inner master. that is, for the lower floor In the middle there is a hall On the east side was a marble porch in front. called Thong Phra Rong To the south there is a comfortable living room and a sanctuary. As for the north, it is assumed that there is a dinning room and engine room. for the upper floor In the middle is the bed room of Queen Sukhumalamarsri. Adjoining it is a royal dressing room and a sanctuary room. In the south is a resting room. In the west there is a bridge connecting to the main palace. and the stairwell hall down to the ground floor The east part is a long terrace that receives the river breeze (Bank of Thailand 2021)

Circle Hall It is a circular pavilion with octagonal corners. Decorated with stucco pattern, curved roof, European architecture

The Gate of Bang Khun Phrom Palace Built diagonally to Samsen Road and is regarded as an expression of the elegance of Renaissance architecture.

Tank tower It is a cylindrical shape with a height of about 15 meters.

In 2002, with the Bank of Thailand constructing a new office building in the current bank location, Samsen Road, Sam Phraya Temple Subdistrict. Phra Nakhon District, originally this area was the location of Bang Khun Phrom Palace and
Thewawesm Palace Therefore, archaeological studies are required before construction.

Important archaeological evidence

This archaeological excavation has identified 15 excavation holes 2x2 meters. The results of the study can be divided into 3 phases of use of the area as follows:

Phase 1 This area is a forest. There should have been a deserted field in the early Rattanakosin period.

Phase 2 is the period when the Deva Wesm Palace was built and the community came to live during the 24th - 25th Buddhist centuries. The fragments of clay pottery, traditional Chinese wares of the Qing Dynasty around the 24th Buddhist century were found. 25 Copper coins were found in the reign of King Rama V. The shape of the soil layer was sediment in the ditch. It is assumed that it is a moat that separates the plot area within the Deva Vesm Palace.

Phase 3 is the period where traces of the presence of modern communities are found. Probably during the period when the area was used as the Deva Wesm Palace, it was later changed to the office of the Ministry of Public Health and the Bank of Thailand office respectively. During this period, plastic shards, metal nails, glass shards, and concrete bases were found.